Arowana fish, often regarded as the “dragon fish,” are prized among aquarium enthusiasts for their striking appearance and unique swimming patterns. These magnificent fish require precise conditions to thrive, ensuring their health, longevity, and vibrant coloration. In this article, we will explore the best conditions for Arowana fish, covering water parameters, tank setup, diet, and other essential care tips.
- Water Parameters for Arowana Fish
Maintaining the right water conditions is crucial for the well-being of arowana fish for sale. These fish originate from freshwater habitats in South America, Asia, and Africa, requiring specific water parameters to mimic their natural environment.
- Temperature: Arowanas thrive in water temperatures between 75°F to 86°F (24°C to 30°C).
- pH Levels: Keep the pH between 6.5 and 7.5 for optimal health.
- Water Hardness: Arowanas prefer soft to moderately hard water, with a hardness level of 1-8 dGH.
- Ammonia, Nitrite, and Nitrate Levels: Ammonia and nitrite levels should always be 0 ppm, while nitrates should be kept below 20 ppm to prevent stress and diseases.
Regular water changes (around 25-30% weekly) and high-quality filtration are necessary to maintain pristine water conditions.
- Tank Setup and Size Requirements
Arowana fish require a spacious tank due to their large size and active swimming behavior.
- Tank Size: A minimum of 150 gallons is recommended for young Arowanas, but adults need at least 250-300 gallons.
- Tank Shape: A long and wide aquarium is better than a tall one, as Arowanas prefer horizontal swimming space.
- Filtration System: A strong external canister filter or sump filter helps maintain excellent water quality.
- Oxygenation: Use air pumps and surface agitation to ensure proper oxygen levels.
- Tank Lid: Arowanas are known for their jumping ability, so a secure tank lid is essential.
- Lighting and Tank Décor
Proper lighting and tank decorations can enhance the well-being and coloration of Arowanas.
- Lighting: Use soft LED lighting to mimic natural daylight conditions. Avoid excessive brightness as it may stress the fish.
- Substrate: Fine gravel or sand is ideal to create a natural environment.
- Decorations: Minimalistic decorations such as driftwood and large rocks provide a natural look without obstructing swimming space.
- Plants: Live plants like Amazon swords and anubias can help improve water quality and provide hiding spots.
- Ideal Diet and Feeding Schedule
Arowanas are carnivorous and require a protein-rich diet for proper growth and coloration.
- Primary Foods: Offer live, frozen, or pellet-based diets, including:
- Feeder fish (only from reliable sources)
- Shrimp and prawns (shell removed)
- Crickets and mealworms
- Earthworms
- High-quality carnivorous fish pellets
- Feeding Frequency:
- Juveniles (under 12 inches): 2-3 times daily
- Adults: Once or twice daily
- Avoid Overfeeding: Overfeeding can lead to obesity and water contamination. Remove uneaten food to maintain water quality.
- Tank Mates for Arowana Fish
Arowanas are territorial and may not get along with all fish species. Selecting compatible tank mates is essential.
- Ideal Tank Mates:
- Stingrays
- Large catfish (e.g., red-tail catfish)
- Bichirs
- Silver Dollars
- Oscars (if introduced early)
- Fish to Avoid: Avoid small or aggressive fish such as bettas, guppies, and cichlids that may either become prey or fight with the Arowana.
- Common Diseases and Prevention
Arowanas are susceptible to several diseases if not cared for properly. Here are some common issues and how to prevent them:
- Ich (White Spot Disease): Caused by parasites due to poor water quality. Treat with increased temperature and medication.
- Fin Rot: Caused by bacterial infections. Maintain clean water and treat with antibacterial medications.
- Drop Eye Syndrome: More common in Silver Arowanas; reduce fatty foods and use floating objects to encourage upward movement.
- Parasitic Infections: Quarantine new fish before adding them to the tank and maintain a clean environment.
Regular tank maintenance, a well-balanced diet, and proper water conditions can prevent most health issues.
- Behavioral Traits and Enrichment
Arowanas are intelligent and interactive fish that exhibit unique behaviors. Understanding their nature helps improve their care.
- Territorial Behavior: They may show aggression towards other fish, especially in smaller tanks.
- Jumping Behavior: Arowanas often jump out of the water, so a tight-fitting lid is essential.
- Training and Interaction: Some Arowanas can be hand-fed and may recognize their owners over time.
- Environmental Enrichment: Adding floating objects can stimulate natural behaviors and reduce stress.
- Breeding Arowana Fish
Breeding Arowanas in captivity is challenging due to their specific requirements.
- Breeding Tank: A separate large breeding tank (at least 500 gallons) is required.
- Water Conditions: Maintain a stable temperature of 82-86°F (28-30°C) with a slightly acidic pH.
- Pair Selection: Arowanas form monogamous pairs, so introducing a bonded pair increases breeding success.
- Spawning Behavior: Males typically carry the fertilized eggs in their mouths for 50-60 days before the fry hatch.
Due to legal restrictions in some countries, always check regulations regarding Arowana breeding and trade.
- Legal Considerations and Conservation
Some Arowana species, such as the Asian Arowana, are endangered and protected by CITES regulations. Before purchasing an Arowana, ensure it is legally sourced and permitted in your region.
- Asian Arowana: Protected species; requires special permits.
- Silver Arowana: Widely available and legal in most countries.
- Jardini Arowana: More aggressive but legal in most areas.
Always buy from reputable breeders to avoid illegal wildlife trade and ensure ethical fishkeeping.
Final Thoughts
Caring for Arowana fish requires dedication, proper knowledge, and a well-maintained tank environment. By providing optimal water conditions, a spacious tank, a nutritious diet, and suitable companions, you can ensure that your Arowana thrives for many years. These majestic fish can live up to 15-20 years when given the right care, making them a rewarding pet for experienced aquarists.
If you are considering keeping an Arowana, research thoroughly and prepare to meet their specific needs. With the right setup and commitment, you will enjoy the beauty and elegance of this legendary fish in your aquarium.
